Word Ladder II LeetCode Programming Solutions | LeetCode Problem Solutions in C++, Java, & Python [💯Correct]

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Hello Programmers/Coders, Today we are going to share solutions to the Programming problems of LeetCode Solutions in C++, Java, & Python. At Each Problem with Successful submission with all Test Cases Passed, you will get a score or marks and LeetCode Coins. And after solving maximum problems, you will be getting stars. This will highlight your profile to the recruiters.

In this post, you will find the solution for the Word Ladder II in C++, Java & Python-LeetCode problem. We are providing the correct and tested solutions to coding problems present on LeetCode. If you are not able to solve any problem, then you can take help from our Blog/website.

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Link for the Problem – Word Ladder II– LeetCode Problem 

Word Ladder II– LeetCode Problem

Problem:

A transformation sequence from word beginWord to word endWord using a dictionary wordList is a sequence of words beginWord -> s1 -> s2 -> ... -> sk such that:

  • Every adjacent pair of words differs by a single letter.
  • Every si for 1 <= i <= k is in wordList. Note that beginWord does not need to be in wordList.
  • sk == endWord

Given two words, beginWord and endWord, and a dictionary wordList, return all the shortest transformation sequences from beginWord to endWord, or an empty list if no such sequence exists. Each sequence should be returned as a list of the words [beginWord, s1, s2, ..., sk].

Example 1:

Input: beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"]
Output: [["hit","hot","dot","dog","cog"],["hit","hot","lot","log","cog"]]
Explanation: There are 2 shortest transformation sequences:
"hit" -> "hot" -> "dot" -> "dog" -> "cog"
"hit" -> "hot" -> "lot" -> "log" -> "cog"

Example 2:

Input: beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"]
Output: []
Explanation: The endWord "cog" is not in wordList, therefore there is no valid transformation sequence.

Constraints:

  • 1 <= beginWord.length <= 5
  • endWord.length == beginWord.length
  • 1 <= wordList.length <= 1000
  • wordList[i].length == beginWord.length
  • beginWord, endWord, and wordList[i] consist of lowercase English letters.
  • beginWord != endWord
  • All the words in wordList are unique.
Word Ladder II– LeetCode Solutions
Word Ladder II Solution in C++:
class Solution {
 public:
  vector<vector<string>> findLadders(string beginWord, string endWord,
                                     vector<string>& wordList) {
    vector<vector<string>> ans;
    unordered_set<string> wordSet(begin(wordList), end(wordList));
    queue<vector<string>> paths{{{beginWord}}};  // {{"hit"}}

    while (!paths.empty()) {
      unordered_set<string> currentLevelVisited;
      for (int size = paths.size(); size > 0; --size) {
        vector<string> path = paths.front();
        paths.pop();                    // {"hit"}
        string lastWord = path.back();  // "hit"
        for (int i = 0; i < lastWord.length(); ++i) {
          char cache = lastWord[i];  // cache = 'i'
          for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) {
            lastWord[i] = c;                // "hit" -> "hot" (temporarily)
            if (wordSet.count(lastWord)) {  // find "hot" in wordSet
              currentLevelVisited.insert(lastWord);  // mark "hot" as visited
              vector<string> nextPath(path);
              nextPath.push_back(lastWord);  // nextPath = {"hit", "hot"}
              if (lastWord == endWord)
                ans.push_back(nextPath);
              else
                paths.push(nextPath);
            }
          }
          lastWord[i] = cache;  // "hot" back to "hit"
        }
      }
      for (const string& word : currentLevelVisited)
        wordSet.erase(word);
    }

    return ans;
  }
};
Word Ladder II Solution in Java:
class Solution {
  public List<List<String>> findLadders(String beginWord, String endWord, List<String> wordList) {
    Set<String> wordSet = new HashSet<>(wordList);
    if (!wordSet.contains(endWord))
      return new ArrayList<>();

    Map<String, List<String>> parentToChildren = new HashMap<>();
    Set<String> currentLevelWords = new HashSet<>();
    currentLevelWords.add(beginWord);
    boolean isFound = false;

    while (!currentLevelWords.isEmpty()) {
      // remove words in current level
      for (final String word : currentLevelWords)
        wordSet.remove(word);
      Set<String> nextLevelWords = new HashSet<>();
      // `parent` will be used as a key in `parentToChildren`
      for (final String parent : currentLevelWords) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(parent);
        for (int i = 0; i < sb.length(); ++i) {
          final char cache = sb.charAt(i);
          for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) {
            sb.setCharAt(i, c);
            final String child = sb.toString();
            if (wordSet.contains(child)) {
              if (child.equals(endWord))
                isFound = true;
              nextLevelWords.add(child);
              parentToChildren.computeIfAbsent(parent, k -> new ArrayList<>()).add(child);
            }
          }
          sb.setCharAt(i, cache);
        }
        currentLevelWords = nextLevelWords;
      }
      if (isFound)
        break;
    }

    if (!isFound)
      return new ArrayList<>();

    List<List<String>> ans = new ArrayList<>();
    List<String> path = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(beginWord));

    dfs(parentToChildren, beginWord, endWord, path, ans);

    return ans;
  }

  // construct the ans by `parentToChildren`
  private void dfs(Map<String, List<String>> parentToChildren, final String word,
                   final String endWord, List<String> path, List<List<String>> ans) {
    if (word.equals(endWord)) {
      ans.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
      return;
    }
    if (!parentToChildren.containsKey(word))
      return;

    for (final String child : parentToChildren.get(word)) {
      path.add(child);
      dfs(parentToChildren, child, endWord, path, ans);
      path.remove(path.size() - 1);
    }
  }
}
Word Ladder II Solution in Python:
class Solution:
  def findLadders(self, beginWord: str, endWord: str, wordList: List[str]) -> List[List[str]]:
    def dfs(word: str, path: List[str]) -> None:
      if word == endWord:
        ans.append(path)
        return
      if word not in dict:
        return

      for child in dict[word]:
        dfs(child, path + [child])

    ans = []
    wordList = set(wordList)

    if endWord not in wordList:
      return ans

    set1 = set([beginWord])
    dict = defaultdict(list)
    isFound = False

    while set1 and not isFound:
      for word in set1:
        wordList.discard(word)
      tempSet = set()
      for parent in set1:
        for i in range(len(parent)):
          for j in string.ascii_lowercase:
            newWord = parent[:i] + j + parent[i + 1:]
            if newWord == endWord:
              dict[parent].append(newWord)
              isFound = True
            elif newWord in wordList and not isFound:
              tempSet.add(newWord)
              dict[parent].append(newWord)
      set1 = tempSet

    if isFound:
      dfs(beginWord, [beginWord])

    return ans

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